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Spring IOC源代码具体解释之容器依赖注入
阅读量:6585 次
发布时间:2019-06-24

本文共 48778 字,大约阅读时间需要 162 分钟。

Spring IOC源代码具体解释之容器依赖注入

中介绍了IOC容器的初始化。通过源代码分析大致了解了IOC容器初始化的一些知识。先简单回想下上篇的内容

加载bean定义文件的过程。这个过程是通过BeanDefinitionReader来完毕的。当中通过 loadBeanDefinition()来对定义文件进行解析和依据Spring定义的bean规则进行处理 - 其实和Spring定义的bean规则相关的处理是在BeanDefinitionParserDelegate中完毕的,完毕这个处理须要得到用户定义的bean定义信息,这是在前面已经通过解析已经完毕了的。这个处理过程的结果就是得到了一系列的BeanDefinition,这里不但包括了对 bean定义信息解析后的表示。同一时候还把和这个bean相关的依赖信息也保存了下来。把这些BeanDefinition都放到一个HashMap - beanDefinitionMap里面

接下来主要介绍IOC容器的注入,

基本知识

Spring把loadBean和依赖注入分成两个主要的过程,一个是在启动容器的时候完毕,建立起一系列 BeanDefinition,这些定义里面同一时候都包括了对bean依赖关系的描写叙述,只是这里并没有对bean进行实例化,真正实例化的时候是在客户通过容器使用这些bean的时候 - 也就是getbean的时候。这个时候IOC容器依据须要会建立起一系列bean的实例和完毕依赖注入。

BeanFactory接口定义了Spring IoC容器的基本功能规范,是Spring IoC容器所应遵守的最底层和最主要的编程规范。

BeanFactory接口中定义了几个getBean方法,就是用户向IoC容器索取管理的Bean的方法。

通过分析其子类的详细实现。理解Spring IoC容器在用户索取Bean时怎样完毕依赖注入。再次查看类图

选择AbstractBeanFactory,作为子类,找到getbean方法

@Override    public Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {        return doGetBean(name, null, null, false);    }    @Override    public 
T getBean(String name, Class
requiredType) throws BeansException { return doGetBean(name, requiredType, null, false); } @Override public Object getBean(String name, Object... args) throws BeansException { return doGetBean(name, null, args, false); } public
T getBean(String name, Class
requiredType, Object... args) throws BeansException { return doGetBean(name, requiredType, args, false); }

继续进入

//真正实现向IoC容器获取Bean 的 功 能。也是触发依赖注入功能的地方     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")     protected 
T doGetBean( final String name, final Class
requiredType, final Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly) throws BeansException { //依据指定的名称获取被管理Bean的名称。剥离指定名称中对容器的相关依赖 //假设指定的是别名。将别名转换为规范的Bean名称 final String beanName = transformedBeanName(name); Object bean; //先从缓存中取是否已经有被创建过的单态类型的Bean。对于单态模式的Bean整 //个IoC容器中仅仅创建一次。不须要反复创建 Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName); //IoC容器创建单态模式Bean实例对象 if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) { if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { //假设指定名称的Bean在容器中已有单态模式的Bean被创建,直接返回 //已经创建的Bean if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) { logger.debug("Returning eagerly cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "' that is not fully initialized yet - a consequence of a circular reference"); } else { logger.debug("Returning cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'"); } } //获取给定Bean的实例对象,主要是完毕FactoryBean的相关处理 //注意:BeanFactory是管理容器中Bean的工厂,而FactoryBean是 //创建创建对象的工厂Bean。两者之间有差别 bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null); } else {//缓存没有正在创建的单态模式Bean //缓存中已经有已经创建的原型模式Bean。可是因为循环引用的问题导致实 //例化对象失败 if (isPrototypeCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) { throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName); } //对IoC容器中是否存在指定名称的BeanDefinition进行检查,首先检查是否 //能在当前的BeanFactory中获取的所须要的Bean。假设不能则托付当前容器 //的父级容器去查找,假设还是找不到则沿着容器的继承体系向父级容器查找 BeanFactory parentBeanFactory = getParentBeanFactory(); //当前容器的父级容器存在,且当前容器中不存在指定名称的Bean if (parentBeanFactory != null && !containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) { //解析指定Bean名称的原始名称 String nameToLookup = originalBeanName(name); if (args != null) { //委派父级容器依据指定名称和显式的參数查找 return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, args); } else { //委派父级容器依据指定名称和类型查找 return parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, requiredType); } } //创建的Bean是否须要进行类型验证。一般不须要 if (!typeCheckOnly) { //向容器标记指定的Bean已经被创建 markBeanAsCreated(beanName); } //依据指定Bean名称获取其父级的Bean定义。主要解决Bean继承时子类 //合并父类公共属性问题 final RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName); checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args); //获取当前Bean全部依赖Bean的名称 String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn(); //假设当前Bean有依赖Bean if (dependsOn != null) { for (String dependsOnBean : dependsOn) { //递归调用getBean方法,获取当前Bean的依赖Bean getBean(dependsOnBean); //把被依赖Bean注冊给当前依赖的Bean registerDependentBean(dependsOnBean, beanName); } } //创建单态模式Bean的实例对象 if (mbd.isSingleton()) { //这里使用了一个匿名内部类,创建Bean实例对象。而且注冊给所依赖的对象 sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, new ObjectFactory() { public Object getObject() throws BeansException { try { //创建一个指定Bean实例对象。假设有父级继承。则合并子//类和父类的定义 return createBean(beanName, mbd, args); } catch (BeansException ex) { //显式地从容器单态模式Bean缓存中清除实例对象 destroySingleton(beanName); throw ex; } } }); //获取给定Bean的实例对象 bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd); } //IoC容器创建原型模式Bean实例对象 else if (mbd.isPrototype()) { //原型模式(Prototype)是每次都会创建一个新的对象 Object prototypeInstance = null; try { //回调beforePrototypeCreation方法。默认的功能是注冊当前创//建的原型对象 beforePrototypeCreation(beanName); //创建指定Bean对象实例 prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args); } finally { //回调afterPrototypeCreation方法,默认的功能告诉IoC容器指//定Bean的原型对象不再创建了 afterPrototypeCreation(beanName); } //获取给定Bean的实例对象 bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd); } //要创建的Bean既不是单态模式。也不是原型模式,则依据Bean定义资源中 //配置的生命周期范围,选择实例化Bean的合适方法。这样的在Web应用程序中 //比較经常使用。如:request、session、application等生命周期 else { String scopeName = mbd.getScope(); final Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName); //Bean定义资源中没有配置生命周期范围,则Bean定义不合法 if (scope == null) { throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope '" + scopeName + "'"); } try { //这里又使用了一个匿名内部类,获取一个指定生命周期范围的实例 Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, new ObjectFactory() { public Object getObject() throws BeansException { beforePrototypeCreation(beanName); try { return createBean(beanName, mbd, args); } finally { afterPrototypeCreation(beanName); } } }); //获取给定Bean的实例对象 bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd); } catch (IllegalStateException ex) { throw new BeanCreationException(beanName, "Scope '" + scopeName + "' is not active for the current thread; " + "consider defining a scoped proxy for this bean if you intend to refer to it from a singleton", ex); } } } //对创建的Bean实例对象进行类型检查 if (requiredType != null && bean != null && !requiredType.isAssignableFrom(bean.getClass())) { throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass()); } return (T) bean; }

上面,我们能够清楚的看见在创建实例是做了推断

  • 假设Bean定义的单态模式(Singleton),则容器在创建之前先从缓存中查找。以确保整个容器中仅仅存在一个实例对象

  • 假设Bean定义的是原型模式(Prototype),则容器每次都会创建一个新的实例对象。

  • 两者都不是,则依据Bean定义资源中配置的生命周期范围,选择实例化Bean的合适方法,这样的在Web应用程序中 比較经常使用。如:request、session、application等生命周期

    上面的源代码仅仅是定义了依据Bean定义的模式,採取的不同创建Bean实例对象的策略。详细的Bean实例对象的创建过程由实现了ObejctFactory接口的匿名内部类的createBean方法完毕。ObejctFactory使用委派模式。详细的Bean实例创建过程交由事实上现类AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory完毕,我们继续分析AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory的createBean方法的源代码,理解其创建Bean实例的详细实现过程

匿名内部类

sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, new ObjectFactory() {                        @Override                        public Object getObject() throws BeansException {                            try {                                return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);                            }                            catch (BeansException ex) {                                destroySingleton(beanName);                                throw ex;                            }                        }                    });

AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory的createBean,这里之所以进入AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory,是由于AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory继承了AbstractBeanFactory

//创建Bean实 例对象     protected Object createBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final Object[] args)             throws BeanCreationException {         if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {             logger.debug("Creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");         }         //推断须要创建的Bean能否够实例化,即能否够通过当前的类载入器载入         resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);         //校验和准备Bean中的方法覆盖         try {             mbd.prepareMethodOverrides();         }         catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {             throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(mbd.getResourceDescription(),                     beanName, "Validation of method overrides failed", ex);         }         try {             //假设Bean配置了初始化前和初始化后的处理器,则试图返回一个须要创建//Bean的代理对象             Object bean = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbd);             if (bean != null) {                 return bean;             }         }         catch (Throwable ex) {             throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,                     "BeanPostProcessor before instantiation of bean failed", ex);         }         //创建Bean的入口         Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbd, args);         if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {             logger.debug("Finished creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");         }         return beanInstance;     }     //真正创建Bea n 的方法     protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final Object[] args) {         //封装被创建的Bean对象         BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;         if (mbd.isSingleton()){//单态模式的Bean,先从容器中缓存中获取同名Bean             instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);         }         if (instanceWrapper == null) {             //创建实例对象             instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);         }         final Object bean = (instanceWrapper != null ? instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance() : null);         //获取实例化对象的类型         Class beanType = (instanceWrapper != null ? instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass() : null);         //调用PostProcessor后置处理器         synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {             if (!mbd.postProcessed) {                 applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);                 mbd.postProcessed = true;             }         }         // Eagerly cache singletons to be able to resolve circular references         //向容器中缓存单态模式的Bean对象,以防循环引用         boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&                 isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));         if (earlySingletonExposure) {             if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {                 logger.debug("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName +                         "' to allow for resolving potential circular references");             }             //这里是一个匿名内部类。为了防止循环引用,尽早持有对象的引用             addSingletonFactory(beanName, new ObjectFactory() {                 public Object getObject() throws BeansException {                     return getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean);                 }             });         }         //Bean对象的初始化,依赖注入在此触发         //这个exposedObject在初始化完毕之后返回作为依赖注入完毕后的Bean         Object exposedObject = bean;         try {             //将Bean实例对象封装,而且Bean定义中配置的属性值赋值给实例对象             populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);             if (exposedObject != null) {                 //初始化Bean对象                 exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);             }         }         catch (Throwable ex) {             if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException && beanName.equals(((BeanCreationException) ex).getBeanName())) {                 throw (BeanCreationException) ex;             }             else {                 throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Initialization of bean failed", ex);             }         }         if (earlySingletonExposure) {             //获取指定名称的已注冊的单态模式Bean对象             Object earlySingletonReference = getSingleton(beanName, false);             if (earlySingletonReference != null) {                 //依据名称获取的以注冊的Bean和正在实例化的Bean是同一个                 if (exposedObject == bean) {                     //当前实例化的Bean初始化完毕                     exposedObject = earlySingletonReference;                 }                 //当前Bean依赖其它Bean,而且当发生循环引用时不同意新创建实例对象                 else if (!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && hasDependentBean(beanName)) {                     String[] dependentBeans = getDependentBeans(beanName);                     Set
actualDependentBeans = new LinkedHashSet
(dependentBeans.length); //获取当前Bean所依赖的其它Bean for (String dependentBean : dependentBeans) { //对依赖Bean进行类型检查 if (!removeSingletonIfCreatedForTypeCheckOnly(dependentBean)) { actualDependentBeans.add(dependentBean); } } if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) { throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName, "Bean with name '" + beanName + "' has been injected into other beans [" + StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(actualDependentBeans) + "] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been " + "wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the " + "bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using " + "'getBeanNamesOfType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example."); } } } } //注冊完毕依赖注入的Bean try { registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd); } catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) { throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Invalid destruction signature", ex); } return exposedObject; }

主要实如今下面两个方法中:

  • createBeanInstance:生成Bean所包括的java对象实例。

  • populateBean :对Bean属性的依赖注入进行处理。

createBeanInstance:生成Bean所包括的java对象实例。

在Docreate中找到这句:

instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);

在createBeanInstance方法中,依据指定的初始化策略,使用静态工厂、工厂方法或者容器的自己主动装配特性生成java实例对象

//创建Bean的实例对象     protected BeanWrapper createBeanInstance(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, Object[] args) {         //检查确认Bean是可实例化的         Class beanClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);         //使用工厂方法对Bean进行实例化         if (beanClass != null && !Modifier.isPublic(beanClass.getModifiers()) && !mbd.isNonPublicAccessAllowed()) {             throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,                     "Bean class isn't public, and non-public access not allowed: " + beanClass.getName());         }         if (mbd.getFactoryMethodName() != null)  {             //调用工厂方法实例化             return instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(beanName, mbd, args);         }         //使用容器的自己主动装配方法进行实例化         boolean resolved = false;         boolean autowireNecessary = false;         if (args == null) {             synchronized (mbd.constructorArgumentLock) {                 if (mbd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod != null) {                     resolved = true;                     autowireNecessary = mbd.constructorArgumentsResolved;                 }             }         }         if (resolved) {             if (autowireNecessary) {                 //配置了自己主动装配属性,使用容器的自己主动装配实例化                 //容器的自己主动装配是依据參数类型匹配Bean的构造方法                 return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, null, null);             }             else {                 //使用默认的无參构造方法实例化                 return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);             }         }         //使用Bean的构造方法进行实例化         Constructor[] ctors = determineConstructorsFromBeanPostProcessors(beanClass, beanName);         if (ctors != null ||                 mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_CONSTRUCTOR ||                 mbd.hasConstructorArgumentValues() || !ObjectUtils.isEmpty(args))  {             //使用容器的自己主动装配特性,调用匹配的构造方法实例化             return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, args);         }         //使用默认的无參构造方法实例化         return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);     }

继续进入instantiateBean

//使用默认的无參构造方法实例化Bean对象     protected BeanWrapper instantiateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd) {         try {             Object beanInstance;             final BeanFactory parent = this;             //获取系统的安全管理接口,JDK标准的安全管理API             if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {                 //这里是一个匿名内置类。依据实例化策略创建实例对象                 beanInstance = AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction() {                     public Object run() {                         return getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, parent);                     }                 }, getAccessControlContext());             }             else {                 //将实例化的对象封装起来                 beanInstance = getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, parent);             }             BeanWrapper bw = new BeanWrapperImpl(beanInstance);             initBeanWrapper(bw);             return bw;         }         catch (Throwable ex) {             throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Instantiation of bean failed", ex);         }     }

我们看到createBeanInstance方法和instantiateBean的返回值是 
BeanWrapper,那这个BeanWrapper究竟是什么?

:org.springframework.beans.BeanWrapper是Spring框架中重要的组件类。BeanWrapper相当于一个代理器,Spring通过BeanWrapper完毕Bean属性的填充工作。在Bean实例被InstantiationStrategy创建出来之后。容器主控程序将Bean实例通过BeanWrapper包装起来。

BeanWrapper还有两个顶级类接口,各自是PropertyAccessor和PropertyEditorRegistry。PropertyAccessor接口定义了各种訪问Bean属性的方法。如setPropertyValue(String,Object),setPropertyValues(PropertyValues pvs)等,而PropertyEditorRegistry是属性编辑器的注冊表。

所以BeanWrapper实现类BeanWrapperImpl具有了三重身份:

  • 1)Bean包裹器。
  • 2)属性訪问器;
  • 3)属性编辑器注冊表。

在注入过程中:

createBean開始调用populateBean方法.首先进行自己主动装配模式的处理,也就是说对BeanDefiniton中定义自己主动装配模式的属性进行调整.比方定义了AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME的属性会对应找到匹配该命名的bean.而且将该被检索到的bean实例值给property,当然这里也肯定通过getBean方法来获取这个须要自己主动装配的bean实例,而且在BeanWrapper中包装

populateBean :对Bean属性的依赖注入进行处理

Bean属性怎样注入到实体对象中的

分为两部分

  • 属性值解析

  • 注入

//将Bean属性设置到生成的实例对象上     protected void populateBean(String beanName, AbstractBeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw) {         //获取容器在解析Bean定义资源时为BeanDefiniton中设置的属性值         PropertyValues pvs = mbd.getPropertyValues();         //实例对象为null         if (bw == null) {             //属性值不为空             if (!pvs.isEmpty()) {                 throw new BeanCreationException(                         mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Cannot apply property values to null instance");             }             else {                 //实例对象为null,属性值也为空,不须要设置属性值,直接返回                 return;             }         }         //在设置属性之前调用Bean的PostProcessor后置处理器         boolean continueWithPropertyPopulation = true;         if (!mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {             for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {                 if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {                     InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;                     if (!ibp.postProcessAfterInstantiation(bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName)) {                         continueWithPropertyPopulation = false;                         break;                     }                 }             }         }         if (!continueWithPropertyPopulation) {             return;         }         //依赖注入開始。首先处理autowire自己主动装配的注入         if (mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME ||                 mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {             MutablePropertyValues newPvs = new MutablePropertyValues(pvs);             //对autowire自己主动装配的处理。依据Bean名称自己主动装配注入             if (mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME) {                 autowireByName(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);             }             //依据Bean类型自己主动装配注入             if (mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {                 autowireByType(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);             }             pvs = newPvs;         }         //检查容器是否持实用于处理单态模式Bean关闭时的后置处理器         boolean hasInstAwareBpps = hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors();         //Bean实例对象没有依赖,即没有继承基类         boolean needsDepCheck = (mbd.getDependencyCheck() != RootBeanDefinition.DEPENDENCY_CHECK_NONE);         if (hasInstAwareBpps || needsDepCheck) {             //从实例对象中提取属性描写叙述符             PropertyDescriptor[] filteredPds = filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(bw);             if (hasInstAwareBpps) {                 for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {                     if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {                         InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;                         //使用BeanPostProcessor处理器处理属性值                         pvs = ibp.postProcessPropertyValues(pvs, filteredPds, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName);                         if (pvs == null) {                             return;                         }                     }                 }             }             if (needsDepCheck) {                 //为要设置的属性进行依赖检查                 checkDependencies(beanName, mbd, filteredPds, pvs);             }         }         //对属性进行注入         applyPropertyValues(beanName, mbd, bw, pvs);     }

继续applyPropertyValues

//解析并注入依赖属性的过程     protected void applyPropertyValues(String beanName, BeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw, PropertyValues pvs) {         if (pvs == null || pvs.isEmpty()) {             return;         }         //封装属性值         MutablePropertyValues mpvs = null;         List
original; if (System.getSecurityManager()!= null) { if (bw instanceof BeanWrapperImpl) { //设置安全上下文。JDK安全机制 ((BeanWrapperImpl) bw).setSecurityContext(getAccessControlContext()); } } if (pvs instanceof MutablePropertyValues) { mpvs = (MutablePropertyValues) pvs; //属性值已经转换 if (mpvs.isConverted()) { try { //为实例化对象设置属性值 bw.setPropertyValues(mpvs); return; } catch (BeansException ex) { throw new BeanCreationException( mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Error setting property values", ex); } } //获取属性值对象的原始类型值 original = mpvs.getPropertyValueList(); } else { original = Arrays.asList(pvs.getPropertyValues()); } //获取用户自己定义的类型转换 TypeConverter converter = getCustomTypeConverter(); if (converter == null) { converter = bw; } //创建一个Bean定义属性值解析器,将Bean定义中的属性值解析为Bean实例对象 //的实际值 BeanDefinitionValueResolver valueResolver = new BeanDefinitionValueResolver(this, beanName, mbd, converter); //为属性的解析值创建一个拷贝,将拷贝的数据注入到实例对象中 List
deepCopy = new ArrayList
(original.size()); boolean resolveNecessary = false; for (PropertyValue pv : original) { //属性值不须要转换 if (pv.isConverted()) { deepCopy.add(pv); } //属性值须要转换 else { String propertyName = pv.getName(); //原始的属性值,即转换之前的属性值 Object originalValue = pv.getValue(); //转换属性值,比如将引用转换为IoC容器中实例化对象引用 Object resolvedValue = valueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary(pv, originalValue); //转换之后的属性值 Object convertedValue = resolvedValue; //属性值能否够转换 boolean convertible = bw.isWritableProperty(propertyName) && !PropertyAccessorUtils.isNestedOrIndexedProperty(propertyName); if (convertible) { //使用用户自己定义的类型转换器转换属性值 convertedValue = convertForProperty(resolvedValue, propertyName, bw, converter); } //存储转换后的属性值,避免每次属性注入时的转换工作 if (resolvedValue == originalValue) { if (convertible) { //设置属性转换之后的值 pv.setConvertedValue(convertedValue); } deepCopy.add(pv); } //属性是可转换的,且属性原始值是字符串类型,且属性的原始类型值不是 //动态生成的字符串。且属性的原始值不是集合或者数组类型 else if (convertible && originalValue instanceof TypedStringValue && !((TypedStringValue) originalValue).isDynamic() && !(convertedValue instanceof Collection || ObjectUtils.isArray(convertedValue))) { pv.setConvertedValue(convertedValue); deepCopy.add(pv); } else { resolveNecessary = true; //又一次封装属性的值 deepCopy.add(new PropertyValue(pv, convertedValue)); } } } if (mpvs != null && !resolveNecessary) { //标记属性值已经转换过 mpvs.setConverted(); } //进行属性依赖注入 try { bw.setPropertyValues(new MutablePropertyValues(deepCopy)); } catch (BeansException ex) { throw new BeanCreationException( mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Error setting property values", ex); } }

从上面代码能够看出属性转换分为了两种情况

  • 属性值类型不须要转换时,不须要解析属性值,直接准备进行依赖注入。

  • 属性值须要进行类型转换时,如对其它对象的引用等,首先须要解析属性值,然后对解析后的属性值进行依赖注入。

对属性值的解析是在BeanDefinitionValueResolver类中的resolveValueIfNecessary方法中进行的,对属性值的依赖注入是通过bw.setPropertyValues方法实现的

resolveValueIfNecessary对属性值的解析

属性转换在在BeanDefinitionValueResolver的resolveValueIfNecessary方法完毕

当容器在对属性进行依赖注入时,假设发现属性值须要进行类型转换,如属性值是容器中还有一个Bean实例对象的引用,则容器首先须要依据属性值解析出所引用的对象。然后才干将该引用对象注入到目标实例对象的属性上去,对属性进行解析的由resolveValueIfNecessary方法实现。

可知:创建与注入是个递归的过程

//解析属性值。对注入类型进行转换     public Object resolveValueIfNecessary(Object argName, Object value) {         //对引用类型的属性进行解析         if (value instanceof RuntimeBeanReference) {             RuntimeBeanReference ref = (RuntimeBeanReference) value;             //调用引用类型属性的解析方法             return resolveReference(argName, ref);         }         //对属性值是引用容器中还有一个Bean名称的解析         else if (value instanceof RuntimeBeanNameReference) {             String refName = ((RuntimeBeanNameReference) value).getBeanName();             refName = String.valueOf(evaluate(refName));             //从容器中获取指定名称的Bean             if (!this.beanFactory.containsBean(refName)) {                 throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(                         "Invalid bean name '" + refName + "' in bean reference for " + argName);             }             return refName;         }         //对Bean类型属性的解析,主要是Bean中的内部类         else if (value instanceof BeanDefinitionHolder) {             BeanDefinitionHolder bdHolder = (BeanDefinitionHolder) value;             return resolveInnerBean(argName, bdHolder.getBeanName(), bdHolder.getBeanDefinition());         }         else if (value instanceof BeanDefinition) {             BeanDefinition bd = (BeanDefinition) value;             return resolveInnerBean(argName, "(inner bean)", bd);         }         //对集合数组类型的属性解析         else if (value instanceof ManagedArray) {             ManagedArray array = (ManagedArray) value;             //获取数组的类型             Class elementType = array.resolvedElementType;             if (elementType == null) {                 //获取数组元素的类型                 String elementTypeName = array.getElementTypeName();                 if (StringUtils.hasText(elementTypeName)) {                     try {                         //使用反射机制创建指定类型的对象                         elementType = ClassUtils.forName(elementTypeName, this.beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader());                         array.resolvedElementType = elementType;                     }                     catch (Throwable ex) {                         throw new BeanCreationException(                                 this.beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), this.beanName,                                 "Error resolving array type for " + argName, ex);                     }                 }                 //没有获取到数组的类型,也没有获取到数组元素的类型,则直接设置数                 //组的类型为Object                 else {                     elementType = Object.class;                 }             }             //创建指定类型的数组             return resolveManagedArray(argName, (List
) value, elementType); } //解析list类型的属性值 else if (value instanceof ManagedList) { return resolveManagedList(argName, (List
) value); } //解析set类型的属性值 else if (value instanceof ManagedSet) { return resolveManagedSet(argName, (Set
) value); } //解析map类型的属性值 else if (value instanceof ManagedMap) { return resolveManagedMap(argName, (Map

>) value); } //解析props类型的属性值。props事实上就是key和value均为字符串的map else if (value instanceof ManagedProperties) { Properties original = (Properties) value; //创建一个拷贝,用于作为解析后的返回值 Properties copy = new Properties(); for (Map.Entry propEntry : original.entrySet()) { Object propKey = propEntry.getKey(); Object propValue = propEntry.getValue(); if (propKey instanceof TypedStringValue) { propKey = evaluate((TypedStringValue) propKey); } if (propValue instanceof TypedStringValue) { propValue = evaluate((TypedStringValue) propValue); } copy.put(propKey, propValue); } return copy; } //解析字符串类型的属性值 else if (value instanceof TypedStringValue) { TypedStringValue typedStringValue = (TypedStringValue) value; Object valueObject = evaluate(typedStringValue); try { //获取属性的目标类型 Class<?

> resolvedTargetType = resolveTargetType(typedStringValue); if (resolvedTargetType != null) { //对目标类型的属性进行解析,递归调用 return this.typeConverter.convertIfNecessary(valueObject, resolvedTargetType); } //没有获取到属性的目标对象。则按Object类型返回 else { return valueObject; } } catch (Throwable ex) { throw new BeanCreationException( this.beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), this.beanName, "Error converting typed String value for " + argName, ex); } } else { return evaluate(value); } }

假设是引用类型。则进入resolveReference

//解析引用类型的属性值     private Object resolveReference(Object argName, RuntimeBeanReference ref) {         try {             //获取引用的Bean名称             String refName = ref.getBeanName();             refName = String.valueOf(evaluate(refName));             //假设引用的对象在父类容器中,则从父类容器中获取指定的引用对象             if (ref.isToParent()) {                 if (this.beanFactory.getParentBeanFactory() == null) {                     throw new BeanCreationException(                             this.beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), this.beanName,                             "Can't resolve reference to bean '" + refName +                             "' in parent factory: no parent factory available");                 }                 return this.beanFactory.getParentBeanFactory().getBean(refName);             }             //从当前的容器中获取指定的引用Bean对象。假设指定的Bean没有被实例化             //则会递归触发引用Bean的初始化和依赖注入             else {                 Object bean = this.beanFactory.getBean(refName);                 //将当前实例化对象的依赖引用对象                 this.beanFactory.registerDependentBean(refName, this.beanName);                 return bean;             }         }         catch (BeansException ex) {             throw new BeanCreationException(                     this.beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), this.beanName,                     "Cannot resolve reference to bean '" + ref.getBeanName() + "' while setting " + argName, ex);         }     }

setPropertyValues方法实现对属性值的依赖注入

依赖注入是通过bw.setPropertyValues方法实现的,该方法也使用了托付模式,在BeanWrapper接口中至少定义了方法声明,依赖注入的详细实现交由事实上现类BeanWrapperImpl来完毕

BeanWrapperImpl类主要是对容器中完毕初始化的Bean实例对象进行属性的依赖注入。即把Bean对象设置到它所依赖的还有一个Bean的属性中去

进入BeanWrapperImpl

public class BeanWrapperImpl extends AbstractNestablePropertyAccessor implements BeanWrapper
BeanWrapperImpl继承了AbstractNestablePropertyAccessor。相应的setPropertyValues方法也在AbstractNestablePropertyAccessor中,进入AbstractNestablePropertyAccessor

里面有三个setPropertyValues方法,前两个都指向了最后一个:

//实现属性依赖注入功能     private void setPropertyValue(PropertyTokenHolder tokens, PropertyValue pv) throws BeansException {         //PropertyTokenHolder主要保存属性的名称、路径,以及集合的size等信息         String propertyName = tokens.canonicalName;         String actualName = tokens.actualName;         //keys是用来保存集合类型属性的size         if (tokens.keys != null) {             //将属性信息拷贝             PropertyTokenHolder getterTokens = new PropertyTokenHolder();             getterTokens.canonicalName = tokens.canonicalName;             getterTokens.actualName = tokens.actualName;             getterTokens.keys = new String[tokens.keys.length - 1];             System.arraycopy(tokens.keys, 0, getterTokens.keys, 0, tokens.keys.length - 1);             Object propValue;             try {                 //获取属性值,该方法内部使用JDK的内省( Introspector)机制,调用属性//的getter(readerMethod)方法。获取属性的值                 propValue = getPropertyValue(getterTokens);             }             catch (NotReadablePropertyException ex) {                 throw new NotWritablePropertyException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + propertyName,                         "Cannot access indexed value in property referenced " +                         "in indexed property path '" + propertyName + "'", ex);             }             //获取集合类型属性的长度             String key = tokens.keys[tokens.keys.length - 1];             if (propValue == null) {                 throw new NullValueInNestedPathException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + propertyName,                         "Cannot access indexed value in property referenced " +                         "in indexed property path '" + propertyName + "': returned null");             }             //注入array类型的属性值             else if (propValue.getClass().isArray()) {                 //获取属性的描写叙述符                 PropertyDescriptor pd = getCachedIntrospectionResults().getPropertyDescriptor(actualName);                 //获取数组的类型                 Class requiredType = propValue.getClass().getComponentType();                 //获取数组的长度                 int arrayIndex = Integer.parseInt(key);                 Object oldValue = null;                 try {                     //获取数组曾经初始化的值                     if (isExtractOldValueForEditor()) {                         oldValue = Array.get(propValue, arrayIndex);                     }                     //将属性的值赋值给数组中的元素                     Object convertedValue = convertIfNecessary(propertyName, oldValue, pv.getValue(), requiredType,                             new PropertyTypeDescriptor(pd, new MethodParameter(pd.getReadMethod(), -1), requiredType));                     Array.set(propValue, arrayIndex, convertedValue);                 }                 catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {                     throw new InvalidPropertyException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + propertyName,                             "Invalid array index in property path '" + propertyName + "'", ex);                 }             }             //注入list类型的属性值             else if (propValue instanceof List) {                 PropertyDescriptor pd = getCachedIntrospectionResults().getPropertyDescriptor(actualName);                 //获取list集合的类型                 Class requiredType = GenericCollectionTypeResolver.getCollectionReturnType(                         pd.getReadMethod(), tokens.keys.length);                 List list = (List) propValue;                 //获取list集合的size                 int index = Integer.parseInt(key);                 Object oldValue = null;                 if (isExtractOldValueForEditor() && index < list.size()) {                     oldValue = list.get(index);                 }                 //获取list解析后的属性值                 Object convertedValue = convertIfNecessary(propertyName, oldValue, pv.getValue(), requiredType,                         new PropertyTypeDescriptor(pd, new MethodParameter(pd.getReadMethod(), -1), requiredType));                 if (index < list.size()) {                     //为list属性赋值                     list.set(index, convertedValue);                 }                 //假设list的长度大于属性值的长度,则多余的元素赋值为null                 else if (index >= list.size()) {                     for (int i = list.size(); i < index; i++) {                         try {                             list.add(null);                         }                         catch (NullPointerException ex) {                             throw new InvalidPropertyException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + propertyName,                                     "Cannot set element with index " + index + " in List of size " +                                     list.size() + ", accessed using property path '" + propertyName +                                     "': List does not support filling up gaps with null elements");                         }                     }                     list.add(convertedValue);                 }             }             //注入map类型的属性值             else if (propValue instanceof Map) {                 PropertyDescriptor pd = getCachedIntrospectionResults().getPropertyDescriptor(actualName);                 //获取map集合key的类型                 Class mapKeyType = GenericCollectionTypeResolver.getMapKeyReturnType(                         pd.getReadMethod(), tokens.keys.length);                 //获取map集合value的类型                 Class mapValueType = GenericCollectionTypeResolver.getMapValueReturnType(                         pd.getReadMethod(), tokens.keys.length);                 Map map = (Map) propValue;                 //解析map类型属性key值                 Object convertedMapKey = convertIfNecessary(null, null, key, mapKeyType,                         new PropertyTypeDescriptor(pd, new MethodParameter(pd.getReadMethod(), -1), mapKeyType));                 Object oldValue = null;                 if (isExtractOldValueForEditor()) {                     oldValue = map.get(convertedMapKey);                 }                 //解析map类型属性value值                 Object convertedMapValue = convertIfNecessary(                         propertyName, oldValue, pv.getValue(), mapValueType,                         new TypeDescriptor(new MethodParameter(pd.getReadMethod(), -1, tokens.keys.length + 1)));                 //将解析后的key和value值赋值给map集合属性                 map.put(convertedMapKey, convertedMapValue);             }             else {                 throw new InvalidPropertyException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + propertyName,                         "Property referenced in indexed property path '" + propertyName +                         "' is neither an array nor a List nor a Map; returned value was [" + pv.getValue() + "]");             }         }         //对非集合类型的属性注入         else {             PropertyDescriptor pd = pv.resolvedDescriptor;             if (pd == null || !pd.getWriteMethod().getDeclaringClass().isInstance(this.object)) {                 pd = getCachedIntrospectionResults().getPropertyDescriptor(actualName);                 //无法获取到属性名或者属性没有提供setter(写方法)方法                 if (pd == null || pd.getWriteMethod() == null) {                     //假设属性值是可选的,即不是必须的。则忽略该属性值                     if (pv.isOptional()) {                         logger.debug("Ignoring optional value for property '" + actualName +                                 "' - property not found on bean class [" + getRootClass().getName() + "]");                         return;                     }                     //假设属性值是必须的,则抛出无法给属性赋值,由于每天提供setter方法异常                     else {                         PropertyMatches matches = PropertyMatches.forProperty(propertyName, getRootClass());                         throw new NotWritablePropertyException(                                 getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + propertyName,                                 matches.buildErrorMessage(), matches.getPossibleMatches());                     }                 }                 pv.getOriginalPropertyValue().resolvedDescriptor = pd;             }             Object oldValue = null;             try {                 Object originalValue = pv.getValue();                 Object valueToApply = originalValue;                 if (!Boolean.FALSE.equals(pv.conversionNecessary)) {                     if (pv.isConverted()) {                         valueToApply = pv.getConvertedValue();                     }                     else {                         if (isExtractOldValueForEditor() && pd.getReadMethod() != null) {                             //获取属性的getter方法(读方法),JDK内省机制                             final Method readMethod = pd.getReadMethod();                             //假设属性的getter方法不是public訪问控制权限的,即訪问控制权限比較严格。                             //则使用JDK的反射机制强行訪问非public的方法(暴力读取属性值)                             if (!Modifier.isPublic(readMethod.getDeclaringClass().getModifiers()) &&                                     !readMethod.isAccessible()) {                                 if (System.getSecurityManager()!= null) {                                     //匿名内部类,依据权限改动属性的读取控制限制                                     AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction() {                                         public Object run() {                                             readMethod.setAccessible(true);                                             return null;                                         }                                     });                                 }                                 else {                                     readMethod.setAccessible(true);                                 }                             }                             try {                                 //属性没有提供getter方法时。调用潜在的读取属性值//的方法,获取属性值                                 if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {                                     oldValue = AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedExceptionAction() {                                         public Object run() throws Exception {                                             return readMethod.invoke(object);                                         }                                     }, acc);                                 }                                 else {                                     oldValue = readMethod.invoke(object);                                 }                             }                             catch (Exception ex) {                                 if (ex instanceof PrivilegedActionException) {                                     ex = ((PrivilegedActionException) ex).getException();                                 }                                 if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {                                     logger.debug("Could not read previous value of property '" +                                             this.nestedPath + propertyName + "'", ex);                                 }                             }                         }                         //设置属性的注入值                         valueToApply = convertForProperty(propertyName, oldValue, originalValue, pd);                     }                     pv.getOriginalPropertyValue().conversionNecessary = (valueToApply != originalValue);                 }                 //依据JDK的内省机制,获取属性的setter(写方法)方法                 final Method writeMethod = (pd instanceof GenericTypeAwarePropertyDescriptor ?                         ((GenericTypeAwarePropertyDescriptor) pd).getWriteMethodForActualAccess() :                         pd.getWriteMethod());                 //假设属性的setter方法是非public,即訪问控制权限比較严格,则使用JDK的反射机制,                 //强行设置setter方法可訪问(暴力为属性赋值)                 if (!Modifier.isPublic(writeMethod.getDeclaringClass().getModifiers()) && !writeMethod.isAccessible()) {                     //假设使用了JDK的安全机制,则须要权限验证                     if (System.getSecurityManager()!= null) {                         AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction() {                             public Object run() {                                 writeMethod.setAccessible(true);                                 return null;                             }                         });                     }                     else {                         writeMethod.setAccessible(true);                     }                 }                 final Object value = valueToApply;                 if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {                     try {                         //将属性值设置到属性上去                         AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedExceptionAction() {                             public Object run() throws Exception {                                 writeMethod.invoke(object, value);                                 return null;                             }                         }, acc);                     }                     catch (PrivilegedActionException ex) {                         throw ex.getException();                     }                 }                 else {                     writeMethod.invoke(this.object, value);                 }             }             catch (TypeMismatchException ex) {                 throw ex;             }             catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {                 PropertyChangeEvent propertyChangeEvent =                         new PropertyChangeEvent(this.rootObject, this.nestedPath + propertyName, oldValue, pv.getValue());                 if (ex.getTargetException() instanceof ClassCastException) {                     throw new TypeMismatchException(propertyChangeEvent, pd.getPropertyType(), ex.getTargetException());                 }                 else {                     throw new MethodInvocationException(propertyChangeEvent, ex.getTargetException());                 }             }             catch (Exception ex) {                 PropertyChangeEvent pce =                         new PropertyChangeEvent(this.rootObject, this.nestedPath + propertyName, oldValue, pv.getValue());                 throw new MethodInvocationException(pce, ex);             }         }      }

有上面分析,Spring IoC容器将属性的值注入到Bean实例对象中大致例如以下

  • 对于集合类型的属性,将其属性值解析为目标类型的集合后直接赋值给属性

  • 对于非集合类型的属性,大量使用了JDK的反射和内省机制,通过属性的getter方法(reader method)获取指定属性注入曾经的值,同一时候调用属性的setter方法(writer method)为属性设置注入后的值。

至此,SpringIOC依赖注入就基本到这里了

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